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Course Credit: 4

NMR: Principle of NMR, Local diamagnetic shielding and magnetic anisotropy, spin-spin splitting, different spin system, coupling constant, mechanism of coupling, quadrapoule broadening and decoupling, simplification of proton NMR spectra, water peak suppression, resolution of NMR spectra. Effect of stereochemistry on the spectrum, shift reagents, 13C NMR, DEPT, APT, COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, ROSEY, 2D-HETCOR, INADEQUATE, HSQC, HMBC, etc. LC-NMR, hyphenated NMR spectroscopy, Applications of 1H- and 13C-NMR and with some examples; Mass spectrometry: Essential components of mass spectrometer, ionization techniques, mass analyzers, types of ions, metastable ion, isotopic ions and their corresponding peaks, rules of fragmentation, McLafferty rearrangement; X-ray and optical techniques; Thermal analysis; Chromatographic techniques; Electrochemical methods of analysis; Radiopharmaceutical and radiochemical analysis; Quality control of pharmaceuticals, Validation of analytical methods; Verification and calibration of analytical and bio analytical instruments.

Course Credit: 4

Fragment based drug discovery and the synthon approach, Structure-activity relationship, QSAR and molecular modeling, High-throughput screening in drug discovery, Retrosynthetic pathways, modular and bio-orthogonal synthesis, Combinatorial chemistry, Green chemistry, Polymer chemistry, Asymmetric synthesis, Various preparations illustrating selected techniques and synthetic approaches, Computational chemistry, Industrial synthesis of commonly used APIs.

Course Credit: 4

1. Introduction. 2. Protein chemistry, protein structure, protein sequencing. 3. Chemistry of nucleotides and nucleic acids, DNA sequencing. 4. Chemistry of bioactive lipids and lipid based drugs. 5. Free-radicals and anti-oxidants, mechanism of anti-oxidative actions. 6. Enzyme mechanisms and kinetics. 7. Molecular mechanism of drug action and drug resistance. 8. Molecular mechanism of drug metabolism, kinetics and signal transduction pathways. 9. Cancer biology and carcinogenesis. 10. Molecular basis of diseases. 11. Pharmacological, biological, biochemical, immunological and histopathological tools and techniques used in the screening and evaluation of natural and synthetic drugs. 12. Any other topics as per the course teacher commensurate with the course title. 13. Course review.

Course Credit: 4

1. Isolation and culture of primary cells, culture of cells and/or microorganisms, preparation of media, preservation, sub-cultures. 2. Isolation and purification of soil micro-organism and fermentation for the production of secondary metabolites, enzymes etc. 3. Extraction of genomic DNA, separation by gel electrophoresis and quantification. 4. Extraction of plasmid DNA, separation by gel electrophoresis and quantification. 5. Extraction of total RNA and separation by gel electrophoresis and quantification. 6. Transformation of plasmid DNA into competent cells. 7. Strategy for the preparation of haptens for the production of mono/poly-clonal antibodies. 8. Preparation of protein sample and separation by SDS-PAGE. 9. Identification of insulin by Western blotting and as designed by the course teacher. 10. Construction of cDNA library and genomic library. 11. Any other practical(s) designed by the course teacher.

Course Credit: 4

1. Genomics and proteomics. 2. Transgenics/gene knock out techniques. 3. Methods in biotechnology 4. Biopharmaceuticals: Production, characterization, formulation, storage, handling and dispensing of insulin, growth hormone, streptokinase, trastuzumab, interleukin, interferon, vaccines etc. 5. Nucleic acid therapeutics (gene therapy, antisense therapy, RNAi technology). 6. Phamacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and pharmacogenomics of biopharmaceuticals. 7. Any other topics as per the course teacher commensurate with the course title.

Course Credit: 4

Foundation of research, Types and methods of research, Review of literature, Planning of research, Sampling, Methods of data collection, Tools for data collection, Field work, Processing of data, Statistical analysis of data, Biostatistics and design of experiments, Report writing

Course Credit: 8

Students are required to complete one year research work under the complete mentorship of their respective thesis supervisor. Research topic includes: natural product chemistry, drug discovery, quality verification and standardization of herbal preparations, synthetic chemistry etc. Students are required to submit this dissertation after their research work at the end of the final theory examination.

Course Credit: 2

A presentation on their respective research work is given by the students as a requirement for degree completion. A 15 minutes session regarding their thesis work shows their comprising ability along their level of understanding of the work done and its significance to real life situations.

Course Credit: 2

A viva is taken for the thesis/non-theis group of students based on their knowledge and understanding of the theoretical courses taught as well as their research work and methodologies.

Course Credit: 1

1. Identity tests of drug molecules by thin layer chromatography and HPLC. 2. Assay of commonly used drugs by HPLC 3. Assessment of the precision of quantitative measurements using HPLC. 4. Assay of theophylline in aminophylline tablets or suppositories by UV-visible spectrophotometry. 5. Separation and identification of xanthine derivatives in tea or coffee by HPLC. 6. Determination of paracetamol in plasma using reversed-phase HPLC. 7. Determination of percentage of menthol in peppermint oil by GC. 8. Gas chromatographic determination of composition of fatty acids in Arachis oil. 9. Any other practical(s) designed by the course teacher.

Course Credit: 1

1. Application of N-methylation, mesylation/tosylation, reductive amination, cycloaddition reactions in synthesizing bioactive compounds/drugs and purification techniques thereof. 2. Synthesis of heterocyclic nucleus. 3. Functional group interconversions. 4. Computer methods: Structural drawings using Chem. Office Ultra Pro/Isis Draw, PC Spartan for molecular modeling and computational chemistry. 5. Experimental: Various preparations illustrating selected techniques and synthetic approaches such as:- Esterification, hydrolysis, nitration, dehydration, reduction, Diels Alder reaction, catalytic reduction. 6. Drug isolation, physostigmine from calabar bean: Acetyl cholinesterase, physostigmine inhibition. 7. Purification of products: Recrystallization of impure solids, separation by acid and base extractions, chromatographic techniques including TLC, CC, GLC, HPLC, UPLC, etc.

Course Credit: 1

1. Drug sensitivity test against bacteria. 2. Enzymatic action of hespreidinase in hydrolysis of rutin. 3. Evaluation of antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antioxidant activities etc. 4. Preparation of tissues for histopathology and staining. 5. Measurement of insulin and other proteins by ELISA. 6. Record keeping, safety, methods for purifying solvents and reagents, setting up reactions, monitoring reactions, working up reactions, preliminary clean-up of reaction products, decolorization. 7. Any other practical(s) designed by the course teacher.

Course Credit: 1

1. Application of N-methylation, mesylation/tosylation, reductive amination, cycloaddition reactions in synthesizing bioactive compounds/drugs and purification techniques thereof. 2. Synthesis of heterocyclic nucleus. 3. Functional group interconversions. 4. Computer methods: Structural drawings using Chem. Office Ultra Pro/Isis Draw, PC Spartan for molecular modeling and computational chemistry. 5. Experimental: Various preparations illustrating selected techniques and synthetic approaches such as:- Esterification, hydrolysis, nitration, dehydration, reduction, Diels Alder reaction, catalytic reduction. 6. Drug isolation, physostigmine from calabar bean: Acetyl cholinesterase, physostigmine inhibition. 7. Purification of products: Recrystallization of impure solids, separation by acid and base extractions, chromatographic techniques including TLC, CC, GLC, HPLC, UPLC, etc.

Course Credit: 1

1. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay of natural products/ cytotoxic compounds. 2. Screening of natural products for Antibacterial activity using disk diffusion method. 3. Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of natural products in animal models. 4. Evaluation of antidiabetic effect of natural products in animal models 5. Screening of natural products for antioxidant activity using DPPH free radical scavenging assay method.

Course Credit: 2

A presentation and report on any recent advances in science or relevant scientific field is presented with a discussion session at the end. Student’s understanding and knowledge along with his public speaking capability is assessed here.

Course Credit: 2

A viva is taken for the thesis/non-theis group of students based on their knowledge and understanding of the theoretical courses taught as well as their research work and methodologies.

Course Credit: 1

1. Research proposal/protocol writing. 2. Report writing. 3. Any other practical(s) designed by the course teacher.